【RMAN】一周备份计划

博主： lo8ol
发布时间：2021 年 08 月 05 日
2744 次浏览
暂无评论
14011字数
分类： RMAN

# Part 1:RMAN备份计划 : Windows (单机)

## 一、备份条件

### 1.1 归档日志

```sql_more
--目标库设置在归档日志下:
SQL> archive log list
SQL> shutdown immediate
SQL> startup mount
SQL> alter database archivelog;
SQL> alter database open;
SQL> archive log list
SQL> alter system switch logfile;
```

### 1.2 日期格式

> Batch批处理根据此格式为备份日志文件命名.
> 设置windows日期格式为:YYYY-MM-DD
> 时间格式为:HH:MM:SS
> 24小时制.

## 二、备份路径

> ```bash
> 备份数据库	D:\RMAN_Backup\Data
> 备份控制文件	D:\RMAN_Backup\Controlfile
> 备份归档日志	D:\RMAN_Backup\Archivelog
> 备份日志		D:\RMAN_Backup\Log
> 备份脚本		D:\RMAN_Backup\RMAN_Backup_Scripts
> ```

## 三、备份计划

### 3.1 备份时间

> Windows添加任务计划, 执行备份脚本(02:00:00)

### 3.2 一周备份

```bash
周日：0级增量备份
周一：1级增量备份
周二：1级增量备份
周三：1级增量备份
周四：0级增量备份
周五：1级增量备份
周六：1级增量备份
```

### 3.3 备份策略

#### a、保留策略

```sql
-- 保留策略默认7改为14天, 可以恢复到14天内任何时间点
configure retention policy to recovery window of 14 days;
```

#### b、控制文件自动备份

#### c、备份优化

#### d、控制文件保留备份集信息的时间

```sql
-- 控制文件keep time值应为19(retention+ level 0 interval+1=14+4+1=19)
-- 即极限情况下,keep time=保留策略+全备时间间隔+1天
alter system set control_file_record_keep_time=19 scope=both;
```

## 四、备份脚本

### 4.1 Level 0 批处理

> 设置系统时间格式YYYY-MM-DD, HH:SS
> 设置ORACLE_SID,或设置在变量环境中
> 删除15天以上的备份日志

*Win_RMAN_Backup_Level_0.bat* 内容

```bash
@echo off
echo ================================================
echo	Name	:RMAN_Backup_Level_0 Batchfile
echo	Platform:Windows
echo	Version	:Oracle 12cR1
echo	Date	:YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS
echo ================================================
echo ===!Excute RMAN Level 0 BACKUP!=================
echo ===!!Do Not Kill This Windows!!=================
echo ===!Running......             !=================
echo ================================================
set ORACLE_SID=mcrspos
if not exist "D:\RMAN_Backup\Data" md "D:\RMAN_Backup\Data"
if not exist "D:\RMAN_Backup\Controlfile" md "D:\RMAN_Backup\Controlfile"
if not exist "D:\RMAN_Backup\Archivelog" md "D:\RMAN_Backup\Archivelog"
if not exist "D:\RMAN_Backup\Log" md "D:\RMAN_Backup\Log"
forfiles /p D:\RMAN_Backup\Log /m *.*log /d -15 /c "cmd /c del @path"
IF "%Time:~0,1%"==" " Set "Time=0%Time:~1%"
set date=%Date:~0,4%%Date:~5,2%%Date:~8,2%_%Time:~0,2%%Time:~3,2%%Time:~6,2% 2>nul
rman target / cmdfile RMAN_Backup_Level_0.rcv log 'D:\RMAN_Backup\Log\RMAN_Backup_Level_0__%date%.log'
```

### 4.2 Level 0 备份脚本

*Win_RMAN_Backup_Level_0.rcv* 内容

```sql_more
sql 'alter session set nls_date_format="yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss"';
sql 'alter system set control_file_record_keep_time=19 scope=both';
run{
configure backup optimization on;
configure controlfile autobackup on;
configure controlfile autobackup format for device type disk to 'D:\RMAN_Backup\Controlfile\%F';
configure retention policy to recovery window of 14 days;
backup as compressed backupset incremental level 0 database format 'D:\RMAN_Backup\Data\RMAN_Backup_Level_0_%d_%T_%s_%p.bak' tag='Level_0' plus archivelog format 'D:\RMAN_Backup\Archivelog\Arch_Level_0_%d_%T_%s_%p.log' delete all input skip inaccessible;
}
list backup;
report obsolete;
delete noprompt obsolete;
crosscheck backup;
delete noprompt expired backup;
list backup summary;
exit;
```

### 4.3 Level 1 批处理

*Win_RMAN_Backup_Level_1.bat* 内容

```bash
@echo off
echo ================================================
echo	Name	:RMAN_Backup_Level_1 Batchfile
echo	Platform:Windows
echo	Version	:Oracle 12cR1
echo	Date	:YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS
echo ================================================
echo ===!Excute RMAN Level 1 BACKUP!=================
echo ===!!Do Not Kill This Windows!!=================
echo ===!Running......             !=================
echo ================================================
set ORACLE_SID=mcrspos
if not exist "D:\RMAN_Backup\Data" md "D:\RMAN_Backup\Data"
if not exist "D:\RMAN_Backup\Controlfile" md "D:\RMAN_Backup\Controlfile"
if not exist "D:\RMAN_Backup\Archivelog" md "D:\RMAN_Backup\Archivelog"
if not exist "D:\RMAN_Backup\Log" md "D:\RMAN_Backup\Log"
forfiles /p D:\RMAN_Backup\Log /m *.*log /d -15 /c "cmd /c del @path"
IF "%Time:~0,1%"==" " Set "Time=0%Time:~1%"
set date=%Date:~0,4%%Date:~5,2%%Date:~8,2%_%Time:~0,2%%Time:~3,2%%Time:~6,2% 2>nul
rman target / cmdfile RMAN_Backup_Level_1.rcv log 'D:\RMAN_Backup\Log\RMAN_Backup_Level_1__%date%.log'
```

### 4.4 Level 1 备份脚本

*Win_RMAN_Backup_Level_1.rcv* 内容

```sql_more
sql 'alter session set nls_date_format="yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss"';
sql 'alter system set control_file_record_keep_time=19 scope=both';
run{
configure backup optimization on;
configure controlfile autobackup on;
configure controlfile autobackup format for device type disk to 'D:\RMAN_Backup\Controlfile\%F';
configure retention policy to recovery window of 14 days;
backup as compressed backupset incremental level 1 database format 'D:\RMAN_Backup\Data\RMAN_Backup_Level_1_%d_%T_%s_%p.bak' tag='Level_1' plus archivelog format 'D:\RMAN_Backup\Archivelog\Arch_Level_1_%d_%T_%s_%p.log' delete all input skip inaccessible;
}
list backup;
report obsolete;
delete noprompt obsolete;
crosscheck backup;
delete noprompt expired backup;
list backup summary;
exit;
```

## 五、Windows任务计划

> windows添加每日02:00备份计划任务

# Part 2:RMAN备份计划: Windows (Catalog)

## 一、环境

### 1.1 连接目标库和辅助库

> ```bash
> target database		:windows   -oracle-      mcrspos
> catalog database	:windows   -oracle-      orcl12c
> ```

### 1.2 确保tnsping

```bash
# 确保目录库辅助库都能tnsping两个SID
C:\Users\Administrator>tnsping mcrspos
C:\Users\Administrator>tnsping orcl12c
```

## 二、目录库配置

### 2.1 创建目录库所用表空间

```sql_more
C:\Users\Administrator>sqlplus sys/Password#1@orcl12c as sysdba

SQL> create tablespace recovery_catalog datafile 'D:\app\orcl\oradata\orcl12c\recovery_catalog.dbf'size 100m autoextend on;
Tablespace created.
```

### 2.2 创建RMAN用户并授权

```sql_more
SQL> create user rman identified by rman default tablespace recovery_catalog;

SQL> grant resource,unlimited tablespace,recovery_catalog_owner to rman;

Grant succeeded.
```

### 2.3 连接目标库和目录库

```sql_more
C:\Users\Administrator> rman target / catalog rman/rman@orcl12c
Recovery Manager: Release 12.1.0.2.0 - Production on Mon Nov 16 23:11:45 2020
Copyright (c) 1982, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.
connected to target database: MCRSPOS (DBID=1576583420)
connected to recovery catalog database
```

### 2.4 创建恢复目录

```sql_more
RMAN> create catalog;
recovery catalog created
```

### 2.5 注册目标库

```sql_more
RMAN> register database;
database registered in recovery catalog
starting full resync of recovery catalog
```

## 三、备份脚本

*Win_RMAN_Backup_Level_0.bat*

```sql
rman target / cmdfile RMAN_Backup_Level_0.rvc log 'D:\RMAN_Backup\Log\RMAN_Backup_Level_0__%date%.log'
只需修改为增加target连接catalog
rman target / catalog rman/rman@orcl12c cmdfile RMAN_Backup_Level_0.rvc log 'D:\RMAN_Backup\Log\RMAN_Backup_Level_0__%date%.log'
```

Win_RMAN_Backup_Level_1.bat

```sql
rman target / cmdfile RMAN_Backup_Level_1.rvc log 'D:\RMAN_Backup\Log\RMAN_Backup_Level_1__%date%.log'
只需修改为增加target连接catalog
rman target / catalog rman/rman@orcl12c cmdfile RMAN_Backup_Level_1.rvc log 'D:\RMAN_Backup\Log\RMAN_Backup_Level_1__%date%.log'
```

## 四、备份测试

### Target上list backup

```sql
RMAN>list backup;
List of Backup Sets
===================
BS Key  Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
611     1.11M      DISK        00:00:00     20-DEC-20  
        BP Key: 611   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: YES  Tag: TAG20201220T010459
        Piece Name: D:\RMAN_BACKUP\ARCHIVELOG\ARCH_LEVEL_0_MCRSPOS_20201220_726_1.LOG
  List of Archived Logs in backup set 611
  Thrd Seq     Low SCN    Low Time  Next SCN   Next Time
  ---- ------- ---------- --------- ---------- ---------
  1    652     18419149   20-DEC-20 18421555   20-DEC-20
BS Key  Type LV Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
612     Incr 0  2.45G      DISK        00:07:06     20-DEC-20  
        BP Key: 612   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: YES  Tag: LEVEL_0
        Piece Name: D:\RMAN_BACKUP\DATA\RMAN_BACKUP_LEVEL_0_MCRSPOS_20201220_727_1.BAK
  List of Datafiles in backup set 612
  File LV Type Ckp SCN    Ckp Time  Name
  ---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
……
……
BS Key  Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
613     1.11M      DISK        00:00:00     20-DEC-20  
        BP Key: 613   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: YES  Tag: TAG20201220T011216
        Piece Name: D:\RMAN_BACKUP\ARCHIVELOG\ARCH_LEVEL_0_MCRSPOS_20201220_728_1.LOG
  List of Archived Logs in backup set 613
  Thrd Seq     Low SCN    Low Time  Next SCN   Next Time
  ---- ------- ---------- --------- ---------- ---------
  1    653     18421555   20-DEC-20 18423566   20-DEC-20
BS Key  Type LV Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
614     Full    14.73M     DISK        00:00:00     20-DEC-20  
        BP Key: 614   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: NO  Tag: TAG20201220T011217
        Piece Name: D:\RMAN_BACKUP\CONTROLFILE\C-3772471526-20201220-01
  SPFILE Included: Modification time: 20-DEC-20
  SPFILE db_unique_name: MCRSPOS
  Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 18423577     Ckp time: 20-DEC-20

```

### Catalog上list backup

```sql
RMAN>list backup;
List of Backup Sets
===================
BS Key  Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
3389    1.11M      DISK        00:00:00     20-DEC-20  
        BP Key: 3390   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: YES  Tag: TAG20201220T010459
        Piece Name: D:\RMAN_BACKUP\ARCHIVELOG\ARCH_LEVEL_0_MCRSPOS_20201220_726_1.LOG
  List of Archived Logs in backup set 3389
  Thrd Seq     Low SCN    Low Time  Next SCN   Next Time
  ---- ------- ---------- --------- ---------- ---------
  1    652     18419149   20-DEC-20 18421555   20-DEC-20
BS Key  Type LV Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
3438    Incr 0  2.45G      DISK        00:07:06     20-DEC-20  
        BP Key: 3442   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: YES  Tag: LEVEL_0
        Piece Name: D:\RMAN_BACKUP\DATA\RMAN_BACKUP_LEVEL_0_MCRSPOS_20201220_727_1.BAK
  List of Datafiles in backup set 3438
  File LV Type Ckp SCN    Ckp Time  Name
  ---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
……
……
BS Key  Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
3439    1.11M      DISK        00:00:00     20-DEC-20  
        BP Key: 3443   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: YES  Tag: TAG20201220T011216
        Piece Name: D:\RMAN_BACKUP\ARCHIVELOG\ARCH_LEVEL_0_MCRSPOS_20201220_728_1.LOG
  List of Archived Logs in backup set 3439
  Thrd Seq     Low SCN    Low Time  Next SCN   Next Time
  ---- ------- ---------- --------- ---------- ---------
  1    653     18421555   20-DEC-20 18423566   20-DEC-20
BS Key  Type LV Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
3440    Full    14.73M     DISK        00:00:00     20-DEC-20  
        BP Key: 3444   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: NO  Tag: TAG20201220T011217
        Piece Name: D:\RMAN_BACKUP\CONTROLFILE\C-3772471526-20201220-01
  SPFILE Included: Modification time: 20-DEC-20
  SPFILE db_unique_name: MCRSPOS
  Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 18423577     Ckp time: 20-DEC-20

```

# Part 3:RMAN备份计划: Linux (单机)

## 一、变量环境

```bash
[oracle@klaus ~]$ more /home/oracle/.bash_profile
# .bash_profile
# Get the aliases and functions
if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then
        . ~/.bashrc
fi
# User specific environment and startup programs
PATH=$PATH:$HOME/.local/bin:$HOME/bin
export PATH
export EDITOR=vi
export ORACLE_SID=orcl
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/usr/lib
export PATH=/u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1/bin:/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/X11R6/bin
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH
export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN
export NLS_DATE_FORMAT='yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss'
```

## 二、日志归档

## 三、目录及授权

```bash
# 创建目录
#	/data			备份数据库文件
#	/log			备份日志
#	/archivelog		备份归档日志
#	/controlfile		备份控制文件
#	/rman_scripts		备份脚本
[oracle@klaus ~]$ cd /u01/app/oracle
[oracle@klaus oracle]$ mkdir -p rman_backup
[oracle@klaus oracle]$ mkdir -p rman_backup/data
[oracle@klaus oracle]$ mkdir -p rman_backup/log
[oracle@klaus oracle]$ mkdir -p rman_backup/archivelog
[oracle@klaus oracle]$ mkdir -p rman_backup/controlfile
[oracle@klaus oracle]$ mkdir -p rman_backup/rman_scripts

```

```bash
#目录授权
[oracle@klaus oracle]$ chmod 771 -R /u01/app/oracle/rman_backup
[oracle@klaus oracle]$ chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle/rman_backup
```

## 四、备份脚本

> *注意不能将windows编辑的shell脚本直接放入linux中;*
>
> *因为在dos/window* *下按一次回车键实际上输入的是”*  *回车(CR)”*  *和“*  *换行(LF)”,* *而Linux/unix* *下按一次回车键只输入“*  *换行(LF)”,* *所以修改的sh* *文件在每行都会多了一个CR,* *在Linux**下运行时就会报错找不到命令*
>
>> *Lunix中直接vi创建shell脚本*
>> Windows中通过notpad++等工具转换格式**
>>

### 4.1 Level 0 shell 脚本

```bash
[oracle@klaus rman_scripts]$ vi /u01/app/oracle/rman_backup/rman_scripts/linux_rman_backup_level_0.sh
export ORACLE_SID=orcl
source /home/oracle/.bash_profile
find /u01/app/oracle/rman_backup/log/ -mtime +0 -name "*.log*" -exec rm -rf {} \;
rman target / log=/u01/app/oracle/rman_backup/log/level_0_$(date +%Y-%m-%d-%H:%M:%S).log <<EOF
run{
sql 'alter session set nls_date_format="yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss"';
sql 'alter system set control_file_record_keep_time=19 scope=both';
configure backup optimization on;
configure controlfile autobackup on;
configure controlfile autobackup format for device type disk to '/u01/app/oracle/rman_backup/controlfile/%F';
configure retention policy to recovery window of 14 days;
backup as compressed backupset incremental level 0 database format '/u01/app/oracle/rman_backup/data/rman_backup_level_0_%d_%T_%s_%p.bak' tag='Level_0' plus archivelog format '/u01/app/oracle/rman_backup/archivelog/arch_level_0_%d_%T_%s_%p.log' delete all input skip inaccessible;
}
list backup;
report obsolete;
delete noprompt obsolete;
crosscheck backup;
delete noprompt expired backup;
list backup summary;
exit;
EOF
```

### 4.2 Level 1 shell 脚本

```bash
[oracle@klaus rman_scripts]$ vi /u01/app/oracle/rman_backup/rman_scripts/linux_rman_backup_level_1.sh
export ORACLE_SID=orcl
source /home/oracle/.bash_profile
find /u01/app/oracle/rman_backup/log/ -mtime +0 -name "*.log*" -exec rm -rf {} \;
rman target / log=/u01/app/oracle/rman_backup/log/level_1_$(date +%Y-%m-%d-%H:%M:%S).log <<EOF
run{
sql 'alter session set nls_date_format="yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss"';
sql 'alter system set control_file_record_keep_time=19 scope=both';
configure backup optimization on;
configure controlfile autobackup on;
configure controlfile autobackup format for device type disk to '/u01/app/oracle/rman_backup/controlfile/%F';
configure retention policy to recovery window of 14 days;
backup as compressed backupset incremental level 1 database format '/u01/app/oracle/rman_backup/data/rman_backup_level_1_%d_%T_%s_%p.bak' tag='Level_0' plus archivelog format '/u01/app/oracle/rman_backup/archivelog/arch_level_1_%d_%T_%s_%p.log' delete all input skip inaccessible;
}
list backup;
report obsolete;
delete noprompt obsolete;
crosscheck backup;
delete noprompt expired backup;
list backup summary;
exit;
EOF
```

## 五、定时任务计划

### 5.1 一周备份

```bash
周日：	0级增量备份
周一：	1级增量备份
周二：	1级增量备份
周三：	1级增量备份
周四：	0级增量备份
周五：	1级增量备份
周六：	1级增量备份
```

### 5.2 任务计划指令

```powershell
[oracle@klaus ~]$ cat /etc/crontab
#	m	h	dom	mon	dow	command
#	分钟	小时	某天	某月	星期几	命令
```

### 5.3 任务计划服务

```powershell
[oracle@klaus ~]$ service crond status
Redirecting to /bin/systemctl status crond.service
.	crond.service - Command Scheduler
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/crond.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
   Active: active (running) since Sun 2020-12-20 01:49:23 CST; 21h ago
 Main PID: 1147 (crond)
    Tasks: 1
   CGroup: /system.slice/crond.service
           └─1147 /usr/sbin/crond -n
```

### 5.4 添加任务计划

```powershell
[oracle@klaus ~]$ crontab -e
0 2 * * 0,4 /u01/app/oracle/rman_backup/rman_scripts/linux_rman_backup_level_0.sh
0 2 * * 1,2,3,5,6 /u01/app/oracle/rman_backup/rman_scripts/linux_rman_backup_level_1.sh
```

### 5.4 重启服务

```powershell
[oracle@klaus ~]$ service crond restart
```

### 5.5 查看计划

```powershell
[oracle@klaus ~]$ crontab -l
0 2 * * 0,4 /u01/app/oracle/rman_backup/rman_scripts/linux_rman_backup_level_0.sh
0 2 * * 1,2,3,5,6 /u01/app/oracle/rman_backup/rman_scripts/linux_rman_backup_level_1.sh
```

# Part 4:RMAN备份计划: Linux (Catalog)

> **相同方法设置连接catalog database**

## 一、备份脚本

```powershell
[oracle@klaus rman_scripts]$ vi /u01/app/oracle/rman_backup/rman_scripts/linux_rman_backup_level_0.sh
rman target / log=/u01/app/oracle/rman_backup/log/level_0_$(date +%Y-%m-%d-%H:%M:%S).log <<EOF
# 只需修改为增加target连接catalog
rman target / catalog rman/rman@orcl12c log=/u01/app/oracle/rman_backup/log/level_0_$(date +%Y-%m-%d-%H:%M:%S).log <<EOF
[oracle@klaus rman_scripts]$ vi /u01/app/oracle/rman_backup/rman_scripts/linux_rman_backup_level_1.sh
rman target / log=/u01/app/oracle/rman_backup/log/level_1_$(date +%Y-%m-%d-%H:%M:%S).log <<EOF
# 只需修改为增加target连接catalog
rman target / catalog rman/rman@orcl12c log=/u01/app/oracle/rman_backup/log/level_1_$(date +%Y-%m-%d-%H:%M:%S).log <<EOF
```

## 二、测试

**Target上list backup**

```powershell
RMAN>list backup;
List of Backup Sets
===================
BS Key  Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time  
------- ---------- ----------- ------------ -------------------
208     25.00K     DISK        00:00:00     2020-12-21 01:14:21
        BP Key: 208   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: YES  Tag: TAG20201221T011421
        Piece Name: /u01/app/oracle/rman_backup/archivelog/arch_level_0_ORCL_20201221_211_1.log
  List of Archived Logs in backup set 208
  Thrd Seq     Low SCN    Low Time            Next SCN   Next Time
  ---- ------- ---------- ------------------- ---------- ---------
  1    105     15818195   2020-12-21 01:07:18 15818569   2020-12-21 01:14:20
BS Key  Type LV Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time  
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -------------------
209     Incr 0  354.95M    DISK        00:00:36     2020-12-21 01:14:58
        BP Key: 209   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: YES  Tag: LEVEL_0
        Piece Name: /u01/app/oracle/rman_backup/data/rman_backup_level_0_ORCL_20201221_212_1.bak
  List of Datafiles in backup set 209
  File LV Type Ckp SCN    Ckp Time            Name
  ---- -- ---- ---------- ------------------- ----
……
……
BS Key  Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time  
------- ---------- ----------- ------------ -------------------
210     18.00K     DISK        00:00:00     2020-12-21 01:15:07
        BP Key: 210   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: YES  Tag: TAG20201221T011507
        Piece Name: /u01/app/oracle/rman_backup/archivelog/arch_level_0_ORCL_20201221_213_1.log
  List of Archived Logs in backup set 210
  Thrd Seq     Low SCN    Low Time            Next SCN   Next Time
  ---- ------- ---------- ------------------- ---------- ---------
  1    106     15818569   2020-12-21 01:14:20 15818619   2020-12-21 01:15:07
BS Key  Type LV Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time  
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -------------------
211     Full    10.14M     DISK        00:00:00     2020-12-21 01:15:08
        BP Key: 211   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: NO  Tag: TAG20201221T011508
        Piece Name: /u01/app/oracle/rman_backup/controlfile/c-1576583420-20201221-05
  SPFILE Included: Modification time: 2020-12-21 01:14:20
  SPFILE db_unique_name: ORCL
  Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 15818630     Ckp time: 2020-12-21 01:15:08
```

**Catalog上list backup**

```powershell
RMAN>list backup;
List of Backup Sets
===================
BS Key  Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
4348    25.00K     DISK        00:00:00     21-DEC-20  
        BP Key: 4352   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: YES  Tag: TAG20201221T011421
        Piece Name: /u01/app/oracle/rman_backup/archivelog/arch_level_0_ORCL_20201221_211_1.log
  List of Archived Logs in backup set 4348
  Thrd Seq     Low SCN    Low Time  Next SCN   Next Time
  ---- ------- ---------- --------- ---------- ---------
  1    105     15818195   21-DEC-20 15818569   21-DEC-20
BS Key  Type LV Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
4349    Incr 0  354.95M    DISK        00:00:36     21-DEC-20  
        BP Key: 4353   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: YES  Tag: LEVEL_0
        Piece Name: /u01/app/oracle/rman_backup/data/rman_backup_level_0_ORCL_20201221_212_1.bak
  List of Datafiles in backup set 4349
  File LV Type Ckp SCN    Ckp Time  Name
  ---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
……
……
BS Key  Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
4350    18.00K     DISK        00:00:00     21-DEC-20  
        BP Key: 4354   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: YES  Tag: TAG20201221T011507
        Piece Name: /u01/app/oracle/rman_backup/archivelog/arch_level_0_ORCL_20201221_213_1.log
  List of Archived Logs in backup set 4350
  Thrd Seq     Low SCN    Low Time  Next SCN   Next Time
  ---- ------- ---------- --------- ---------- ---------
  1    106     15818569   21-DEC-20 15818619   21-DEC-20
BS Key  Type LV Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
4351    Full    10.14M     DISK        00:00:00     21-DEC-20  
        BP Key: 4355   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: NO  Tag: TAG20201221T011508
        Piece Name: /u01/app/oracle/rman_backup/controlfile/c-1576583420-20201221-05
  SPFILE Included: Modification time: 21-DEC-20
  SPFILE db_unique_name: ORCL
  Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 15818630     Ckp time: 21-DEC-20
```

# Part 5:RMAN备份计划: Linux (RAC)

最后修改：2022 年 04 月 04 日

如果觉得我的文章对你有用，请随意赞赏

发表评论取消回复

评论 *

私密评论

名称 *

🎲

邮箱 *

地址

【RMAN】一周备份计划

lo8ol • 2021 年 08 月 05 日

# Part 1:RMAN备份计划 : Windows (单机)

## 一、备份条件

### 1.1 归档日志

### 1.2 日期格式

> Batch批处理根据此格式为备份日志文件命名.
> 设置windows日期格式为:YYYY-MM-DD
> 时间格式为:HH:MM:SS
> 24小时制.

## 二、备份路径

## 三、备份计划

### 3.1 备份时间

> Windows添加任务计划, 执行备份脚本(02:00:00)

### 3.2 一周备份

```bash
周日：0级增量备份
周一：1级增量备份
周二：1级增量备份
周三：1级增量备份
周四：0级增量备份
周五：1级增量备份
周六：1级增量备份
```

### 3.3 备份策略

#### a、保留策略

```sql
-- 保留策略默认7改为14天, 可以恢复到14天内任何时间点
configure retention policy to recovery window of 14 days;
```

#### b、控制文件自动备份

#### c、备份优化

#### d、控制文件保留备份集信息的时间

## 四、备份脚本

### 4.1 Level 0 批处理

> 设置系统时间格式YYYY-MM-DD, HH:SS
> 设置ORACLE_SID,或设置在变量环境中
> 删除15天以上的备份日志

*Win_RMAN_Backup_Level_0.bat* 内容

### 4.2 Level 0 备份脚本

*Win_RMAN_Backup_Level_0.rcv* 内容

### 4.3 Level 1 批处理

*Win_RMAN_Backup_Level_1.bat* 内容

### 4.4 Level 1 备份脚本

*Win_RMAN_Backup_Level_1.rcv* 内容

```sql_more
sql 'alter session set nls_date_format="yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss"';
sql 'alter system set control_file_record_keep_time=19 scope=both';
run{
configure backup optimization on;
configure controlfile autobackup on;
configure controlfile autobackup format for device type disk to 'D:\RMAN_Backup\Controlfile\%F';
configure retention policy to recovery window of 14 days;
backup as compressed backupset incremental level 1 database format 'D:\RMAN_Backup\Data\RMAN_Backup_Level_1_%d_%T_%s_%p.bak' tag='Level_1' plus archivelog format 'D:\RMAN_Backup\Archivelog\Arch_Level_1_%d_%T_%s_%p.log' delete all input skip inaccessible;
}
list backup;
report obsolete;
delete noprompt obsolete;
crosscheck backup;
delete noprompt expired backup;
list backup summary;
exit;
```

## 五、Windows任务计划

> windows添加每日02:00备份计划任务

# Part 2:RMAN备份计划: Windows (Catalog)

## 一、环境

### 1.1 连接目标库和辅助库

> ```bash
> target database		:windows   -oracle-      mcrspos
> catalog database	:windows   -oracle-      orcl12c
> ```

### 1.2 确保tnsping

```bash
# 确保目录库辅助库都能tnsping两个SID
C:\Users\Administrator>tnsping mcrspos
C:\Users\Administrator>tnsping orcl12c
```

## 二、目录库配置

### 2.1 创建目录库所用表空间

```sql_more
C:\Users\Administrator>sqlplus sys/Password#1@orcl12c as sysdba

SQL> create tablespace recovery_catalog datafile 'D:\app\orcl\oradata\orcl12c\recovery_catalog.dbf'size 100m autoextend on;
Tablespace created.
```

### 2.2 创建RMAN用户并授权

```sql_more
SQL> create user rman identified by rman default tablespace recovery_catalog;

SQL> grant resource,unlimited tablespace,recovery_catalog_owner to rman;

Grant succeeded.
```

### 2.3 连接目标库和目录库

### 2.4 创建恢复目录

```sql_more
RMAN> create catalog;
recovery catalog created
```

### 2.5 注册目标库

```sql_more
RMAN> register database;
database registered in recovery catalog
starting full resync of recovery catalog
```

## 三、备份脚本

*Win_RMAN_Backup_Level_0.bat*

Win_RMAN_Backup_Level_1.bat

## 四、备份测试

### Target上list backup

```

### Catalog上list backup

```sql
RMAN>list backup;
List of Backup Sets
===================
BS Key  Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
3389    1.11M      DISK        00:00:00     20-DEC-20  
        BP Key: 3390   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: YES  Tag: TAG20201220T010459
        Piece Name: D:\RMAN_BACKUP\ARCHIVELOG\ARCH_LEVEL_0_MCRSPOS_20201220_726_1.LOG
  List of Archived Logs in backup set 3389
  Thrd Seq     Low SCN    Low Time  Next SCN   Next Time
  ---- ------- ---------- --------- ---------- ---------
  1    652     18419149   20-DEC-20 18421555   20-DEC-20
BS Key  Type LV Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
3438    Incr 0  2.45G      DISK        00:07:06     20-DEC-20  
        BP Key: 3442   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: YES  Tag: LEVEL_0
        Piece Name: D:\RMAN_BACKUP\DATA\RMAN_BACKUP_LEVEL_0_MCRSPOS_20201220_727_1.BAK
  List of Datafiles in backup set 3438
  File LV Type Ckp SCN    Ckp Time  Name
  ---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
……
……
BS Key  Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
3439    1.11M      DISK        00:00:00     20-DEC-20  
        BP Key: 3443   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: YES  Tag: TAG20201220T011216
        Piece Name: D:\RMAN_BACKUP\ARCHIVELOG\ARCH_LEVEL_0_MCRSPOS_20201220_728_1.LOG
  List of Archived Logs in backup set 3439
  Thrd Seq     Low SCN    Low Time  Next SCN   Next Time
  ---- ------- ---------- --------- ---------- ---------
  1    653     18421555   20-DEC-20 18423566   20-DEC-20
BS Key  Type LV Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
3440    Full    14.73M     DISK        00:00:00     20-DEC-20  
        BP Key: 3444   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: NO  Tag: TAG20201220T011217
        Piece Name: D:\RMAN_BACKUP\CONTROLFILE\C-3772471526-20201220-01
  SPFILE Included: Modification time: 20-DEC-20
  SPFILE db_unique_name: MCRSPOS
  Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 18423577     Ckp time: 20-DEC-20

```

# Part 3:RMAN备份计划: Linux (单机)

## 一、变量环境

## 二、日志归档

## 三、目录及授权

```

```bash
#目录授权
[oracle@klaus oracle]$ chmod 771 -R /u01/app/oracle/rman_backup
[oracle@klaus oracle]$ chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle/rman_backup
```

## 四、备份脚本

### 4.1 Level 0 shell 脚本

### 4.2 Level 1 shell 脚本

## 五、定时任务计划

### 5.1 一周备份

```bash
周日：	0级增量备份
周一：	1级增量备份
周二：	1级增量备份
周三：	1级增量备份
周四：	0级增量备份
周五：	1级增量备份
周六：	1级增量备份
```

### 5.2 任务计划指令

```powershell
[oracle@klaus ~]$ cat /etc/crontab
#	m	h	dom	mon	dow	command
#	分钟	小时	某天	某月	星期几	命令
```

### 5.3 任务计划服务

### 5.4 添加任务计划

### 5.4 重启服务

```powershell
[oracle@klaus ~]$ service crond restart
```

### 5.5 查看计划

# Part 4:RMAN备份计划: Linux (Catalog)

> **相同方法设置连接catalog database**

## 一、备份脚本

## 二、测试

**Target上list backup**

**Catalog上list backup**

```powershell
RMAN>list backup;
List of Backup Sets
===================
BS Key  Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
4348    25.00K     DISK        00:00:00     21-DEC-20  
        BP Key: 4352   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: YES  Tag: TAG20201221T011421
        Piece Name: /u01/app/oracle/rman_backup/archivelog/arch_level_0_ORCL_20201221_211_1.log
  List of Archived Logs in backup set 4348
  Thrd Seq     Low SCN    Low Time  Next SCN   Next Time
  ---- ------- ---------- --------- ---------- ---------
  1    105     15818195   21-DEC-20 15818569   21-DEC-20
BS Key  Type LV Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
4349    Incr 0  354.95M    DISK        00:00:36     21-DEC-20  
        BP Key: 4353   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: YES  Tag: LEVEL_0
        Piece Name: /u01/app/oracle/rman_backup/data/rman_backup_level_0_ORCL_20201221_212_1.bak
  List of Datafiles in backup set 4349
  File LV Type Ckp SCN    Ckp Time  Name
  ---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
……
……
BS Key  Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
4350    18.00K     DISK        00:00:00     21-DEC-20  
        BP Key: 4354   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: YES  Tag: TAG20201221T011507
        Piece Name: /u01/app/oracle/rman_backup/archivelog/arch_level_0_ORCL_20201221_213_1.log
  List of Archived Logs in backup set 4350
  Thrd Seq     Low SCN    Low Time  Next SCN   Next Time
  ---- ------- ---------- --------- ---------- ---------
  1    106     15818569   21-DEC-20 15818619   21-DEC-20
BS Key  Type LV Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
4351    Full    10.14M     DISK        00:00:00     21-DEC-20  
        BP Key: 4355   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: NO  Tag: TAG20201221T011508
        Piece Name: /u01/app/oracle/rman_backup/controlfile/c-1576583420-20201221-05
  SPFILE Included: Modification time: 21-DEC-20
  SPFILE db_unique_name: ORCL
  Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 15818630     Ckp time: 21-DEC-20
```

【RMAN】一周备份计划

发表评论取消回复

【DG部署】【RAC+ DG(Single DB & ASM)】

【OPatch】Apply Oracle RAC 19c Patch

【RMAN】一周备份计划

【Docker】面试题

【DG部署】【Single DB+Single DG】

【shell】Linux中的命令之二：系统状态检测命令

【Docker】面试题

【部署】【Oracle静默建库】

【DG部署】【Single DB+Single DG】

【shell】Linux中的命令之一：常用系统工作命令

【RMAN】一周备份计划

发表评论 取消回复

【RMAN】 一周备份计划

发表评论取消回复

【RMAN】一周备份计划